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即墨柳腔丨JIMO LIUQIANG OPERA

即墨柳腔是青島地區獨有的一個比較古老的地方劇種。它始于清朝乾隆年間，是從山東境內廣泛流傳的“本肘鼓”的基礎上演變而來的，源于即墨西部的沽河流域，流傳于膠東地區，距今已有200多年的歷史。

即墨市在1956年成立了專業的“即墨柳腔劇團”，從此，柳腔藝術事業進入了發展的鼎盛時期。1959年，青島市柳腔劇團應邀進京，并三進中南海懷仁堂，向中央領導和戲劇界知名人士及首都人民匯報演出《割袍》、《趙美蓉觀燈》等劇目，獲得極大成功，演職人員受到黨和國家領導人劉少奇、周恩來、陳毅等的親切接見和熱情鼓勵，得到了郭沫若、田漢、老舍、梅蘭芳等一大批文化名人的肯定和贊揚。

1989年1月，即墨市柳腔劇團創作的大型現代戲《恩愛之間》，應邀進京演出。《人民日報》、《光明日報》、《北京日報》、《文匯報》、《中國青年報》、《戲劇報》等報刊都發表了評論文章，給予了很高的評價，把柳腔譽為“膠東之花”。從此即墨柳腔這一地方劇種，以它獨特的藝術魅力，揚名全國。原文化部部長黃鎮、朱穆之也先后蒞臨即墨，在觀看了柳腔劇團的演出后，高度評價了即墨柳腔的藝術性和觀賞性。文化部代部長、著名詩人賀敬之在觀賞即墨柳腔之后，也即興寫下了“杯接田單飲老酒，醉人鄉音聽柳腔”的精彩詩句。1992年即墨市柳腔劇團獲得文化部頒發的“天下第一團”稱號；2004年，即墨市被山東省文化廳授予“山東省民間柳腔藝術之鄉”稱號；2008年即墨市被文化部授予“柳腔戲藝術之鄉”稱號；即墨柳腔以它獨有的藝術魅力為即墨人民贏得了殊榮，已經成為即墨的一張通行古今的“文化名片”。即墨柳腔傳統的劇目很多，有《羅衫記》、《花燈記》、《西京》、《狀元與乞丐》等120多部。它的底蘊深厚，語言具有鮮明的地方特色，不僅通俗易懂而且極具生活氣息，備受群眾喜愛。即墨市柳腔劇團是該劇種全國唯一的專業藝術表演團體。2008年6月即墨柳腔被國務院公布為國家級非物質文化遺產名錄。

Jimo liuqiang is an ancient local opera unique to Qingdao.It began in the qianlong period of the qing dynasty, evolved from the "Ben tugu" widely spread in shandong province, originated from the west of jimo river basin, spread in jiaodong region, has a history of more than 200 years.Jimo city in 1956 set up a professional "jimo liukang troupe", from then on, liukang art into the development of the heyday.In 1959, Qingdao LiuQiang troupe was invited into Beijing and SanJin zhongnanhai HuaiRenTang, to the central leaders and celebrities and the capital theatre people report show cut robe, "zhao semillon view lamp" and so on, has had tremendous success, liu shaoqi, zhou enlai staffs by the party and state leaders, to encourage enthusiasm and had a cordial meeting with Lin piao, backed by guo moruo, tien han, Lao she, mei lanfang, a large number of cultural celebrities affirmation and praise.In January 1989, the large-scale modern drama between love and affection created by liuqiang troupe of jimo city was invited to Beijing for performance.People's Daily, guangming daily, Beijing daily, wen wei Po, China youth daily, drama daily and other newspapers have published commentary articles, giving high praise, liuqiang as "the flower of jiaodong".From then on, jiimuangqiang this local drama, with its unique artistic charm, known throughout the country.The former minister of culture huang zhen and zhu mu zhi also came to jimo successively. After watching the performance of liukang troupe, they spoke highly of the artistry and appreciation of liukang.He jingzhi, a famous poet and acting minister of the ministry of culture, impromptu wrote a wonderful poem "drink old wine in jiatian alone, intoxication people listen to liuqiang" after viewing jimo liuqiang.

In 1992, liuqiang troupe of jimo city was awarded the title of "the best troupe in the world" by the ministry of culture.In 2004, jimo was awarded the title of "hometown of folk liuqiang art in shandong province" by shandong provincial department of culture.In 2008, jimo was awarded the title of "hometown of liuqiang opera" by the ministry of culture.Jimo liuqiang has won the honor for jimo people with its unique artistic charm, and has become a "cultural card" of jimo in ancient and modern times.There are a lot of traditional plays in jimino-liuqiang, such as luo shan ji, flower lantern ji, xijing, number one scholar and beggar and so on.Its profound inside information, the language has the distinct local characteristics, not only easy to understand and has the life breath extremely, is loved by the masses.Jimo liuqiang troupe is the only professional art performing group in China.In June 2008, jimo liukang was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage by the state council.

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